As I See It
by Mary Schamehorn
Oct 28, 2020
The first photo I am sharing this week was taken at the small boat basin in late February of 1973 after a fishing boat sunk at the dock.
Bandon Boat Basin, 1973
The vessel Los-Rita was about 30 feet long and was owned by Alonzo Allmon of Bandon, who was reported to be in Idaho at the time. His wife, Marguerite, a teacher in the Ocean Crest school, was in California caring for her seriously ill sister.
Port manager Harry Harris, at the door of the Port's tug Active, and port commissioner Hugh McNeil, center, used the tug to pull the boat around the end of the moorage and into shallow water so that the hull could be pumped out.
The area looked so much different in those days as evidenced by the Moore Mill truck shop at back right, and Moore Mill & Lumber Co. at left in the background.
Hughie was also a commercial fisherman, and was often involved in rescue operations, either of his fellow fishermen or situations like this at the dock. At one time he operated a butcher shop in the back of M&L Grocery, and was a lifelong resident of Bandon, having graduated from high school here.
The second photo, which I copied out of a yearbook, was one of the best I've seen of Croxall & Perry Grocery, and was probably taken sometime in the 1950s.
Croxall & Perry Grocery, 1950s
The building was built by O. H. Haga and C. W. Church right after the Fire, and at least one of those families lived in the rear of the grocery store. In early 1940 they sold to Jim Croxall, a partner with Sid Perry, who changed the name to Croxall & Perry Grocery.
In those days there were three grocery stores in downtown Bandon, including Croxall & Perry, M&L and Erdman's City Market. Several blocks east was the Bandon Market (Davisons).
Jim Croxall sold the building to Dave Elliott in 1968; Dave, who died recently, operated Dave's TV and Appliance at that location for many years. The business was closed over a year ago and is now part of Elliott's estate.
Interestingly, Haga and Church also built some of the first homes on Ocean Drive after the Fire, both of which are still standing. The home built by Church was owned by my grandparents, Grace and L. D. Felsheim, for many years; the Haga house next door was where the W.J. Sweet family lived. The houses are on the north side of Ocean Drive just west of Jackson Avenue.
I've been wanting to share this third picture for a long time. It features Mabel Howard and 17 of her many grandchildren in September of 1957 when she had a grandchild in each class in the Bandon schools.
Mabel Howard and 17 of her grandchildren, 1957
Mabel and her husband had 10 children, including two (Elsie and Lawrence) who died young, Bertha Faye Propeck Edwards, Jim Howard, Floyd "Buster" Howard, Mildred Knox, Mary Sandstrom, Margaret Snead, Velma Crew and Robert Howard.
Pictured, back, left, are Sandy Sandstrom, senior; Judy Howard and Ronald Knox, juniors; Jimmy Knox, sophomore; Linda Crew, freshman; Rodney Edwards, 8th grade; Steve Howard and Donna Knox, 7th grade;
Front row, from left, Greg Crew, 6th; Susan Howard, 5th; David Howard, 4th; Tommy Howard, 3rd; Ricky Howard and Phyllis Howard, 2nd; Sharon Howard, Darrell Franson (a great-grandson) and Gayle Propeck, 1st grade.
* * *
A 65-year-old Roseburg woman was lucky that two Douglas County sheriff's deputies were headed to the Ben Irving Reservoir boat ramp Wednesday morning.
They heard her yelling for help and discovered Marie Scarlett Wise outside of her vehicle, conscious and breathing but unable to move. She told them she had spent two nights there hoping that someone would hear her cries for help after her vehicle had gone over a steep embankment near the water.
Actually, it probably felt like two nights, but the deputies determined that Wise had left Bandon the previous morning shortly before 11 a.m., so depending on when the wreck had occurred, they figured she had at least spent one night before she was rescued.
After Fire and EMS crews were able to get Wise to the roadway and transported her to the boat ramp, she was then taken by helicopter to RiverBend Hospital, where she was listed in stable condition.
The article did not say why she was in Bandon nor how long she had been here.
* * *
It's not often you see a name you recognize on the front page of The New York Times. But that happened Oct. 22, in an article titled "Purdue Admits That It Pushed Deadly Opioid."
Purdue Pharma, the maker of OxyCotin, has agreed to plead guilty to criminal charges related to its marketing of the addictive painkiller, and faces penalties of roughly $8.3 billion, the Justice Department announced this week.
In a statement issued after the announcement of the deal, Steve Miller, chairman of the company board, said, "Purdue deeply regrets and accepts responsibility for the misconduct detailed by the Department of Justice in the agreed statement of facts."
Steve is nationally known for fixing major problems in such varied industries as steel, construction and health care. He is the former CEO of Delphi Corporation, and was dubbed by the Wall Street Journal as "U.S. Industry's Mr. Fix-It." His grandfather D.H. Miller, owned Moore Mill & Lumber Co. Steve's father Robert "Bob" Miller was a long-time Portland attorney, and his son, Robin Miller, is a Bandon attorney.
His long list of accomplishments include his book, "The Turnaround Kid; What I learned Rescuing America's Most Troubled Companies."
My guess is the Sackler family, who owns Purdue Pharma, was fortunate when Steve agreed to serve as chairman of the board and assist them with their legal problems.
* * *
It's hard to write a column while at the same time trying to watch every inning of the fifth game of the World Series. Those of you who watched Saturday night's game know that the ending was like nothing any of us have ever seen ... and if you're a Dodger fan like I am, it was like nothing we ever hope to see again.
* * *
Just a reminder that Daylight Saving Time ends Sunday, Nov. 1, at 2 a.m. While going through an old Western World I found an interesting article which shows how confusing the time change has been .... and for how long.
In a March 1948 issue, an article read: "A simple move to make Bandon's time conform to most of the rest of the county this week by initating daylight saving time ran into some snags, and the area is in a mild state of confusion.
"Prompted by all the other cities in the county moving clocks ahead one hour, Bandon city officials did likewise so far as city employees and officers are concerned.
"Practically all business and professional offices followed suit. Moore Mill & Lumber company left the decision up to its employees, who decided they didn't want this change and are remaining on standard time. The Coquille Valley Dairy Co-op also is remaining on standard time, rather than disrupting milking times by changing pickup schedules.
"Ferry service at Bullards will remain at status quo, as long as the Moore Mill stays on standard time, as the ferry schedule is made to fit mill employees who commute from the North Bank and Seven Devils areas."
Talk about confusing ....
* * *
With election day nearing, I would like to put a plug in for my fellow city councilors, hoping that in addition to voting for me for mayor, those who haven't voted yet will cast their ballots for Geri Procetto, Brian Vick and Patrick Salandro.
As I See It
by Mary Schamehorn
Oct 21, 2020
I am sharing the first picture, taken in February of 1979, because I remember clearly that the police did not know if anyone was in the car until the wrecker pulled it out of Ferry Creek, alongside the old Coquille Valley Dairy Co-op (now the location of Face Rock Creamery).
Wrecker pulling auto out of Ferry Creek, 1979
Here's what I wrote in the paper: "A Bandon man, William Gauggel, who lived on Second Street, escaped with only minor injures after he drove his 1963 Chevrolet station wagon into Ferry Creek about 7 p.m. Sunday. Earlier in the evening, his car had been stuck on the city's gravel pile a short distance away, but he had advised Police Officer Harry Franson about 6 p.m. that someone was coming to help him." (You can see Harry standing on the bridge, in the plaid shirt, watching the wrecker tow the vehicle).
"Gauggel told officers Monday that as he drove across the cheese factory parking lot south of Third Street and attempted to turn right onto Third, the car's steering mechanism failed and he drove directly over the embankment, with the car landing upright in the creek some six feet below. Instead of notifying the police, he walked home, according to Chief D. S. MacDonald. It was towed out of the creek by Mock's Auto Body Hospital wrecker."
Note, that half way up Third Street, on the right, you can see the roof of the foundry that the Philpotts owned for many years. It was torn down within the last 15 or 20 years.
The second photo was taken in 1970 of the former Kronenberg & Waldrop Insurance building (previously George's Electric) which was owned by George Kronenberg and Eddie Waldrop.
Kronenberg & Waldrop Insurance, 1970
Today the beautiful building is the home of Sassy Seagull, but I've learned that the long-time building owners, Beth and Ed Wood, have sold it. I understand the new owners may have a home in Bandon but I haven't been able to verify any information about them or what their plans are, so stay tuned.
I love this third picture, taken in the mid-'60s of members of the Bandon Lions Club gathered in front of Marvin and Esther Leach's bakery in downtown Bandon during a fundraiser for the March of Dimes.
Bandon Lions Club fundraiser for the March of Dimes, mid 1960s
The Lions were a fun-loving, but hardworking, group of guys, and generally at the center of things was school superintendent Roland L. Parks, with guitar in this picture. From lower left are Ernie Wehner, Howard Tucker, George Kronenberg, Parks, O.S. Valentine and Bill Ellis. I can only see one eye of the guy at right who is basically out of the picture, but I think it is Ralph Yockey.
The bakery was located about where Coastal Mist is now.
* * *
The rainfall report for the month of September indicated we had 2.62 inches of rain, compared to 4.57 last year and 0.45 the previous year.
Totals for the rainfall year (which is October through September) shows this to be a very dry year with only 35.76 inches of rain compared to last year's 60.81 and 2018 with 61.45 inches.
In the last 16 years, the only year with less rain was 2013 with 34.19 inches. The wettest years were 2017 with 86.59 inches and 2012 with 80.81 inches.
* * *
You've probably heard by now that Southern Coos Health District will be once again giving free flu shots Thursday, Oct. 29, near the baseball diamond in City Park from 7 a.m. to 1 p.m. It's first come, first served and the district CEO Eugene Suksi said they have 150 units of the vaccine for people over 65 and an equal number for those under 65.
* * *
I know a lot of you have already voted, but I need to share an email I received recently from a woman who has been involved in the health care industry in Coos and Curry counties for some years .... regarding Ballot Measure 110, which would make a citation for small amounts of meth, heroin and cocaine no different than a traffic ticket.
She said information from the PAC supporting it has "measure 110 incorrectly and misleadingly saying it expands Drug Addiction Treatment. What is means is that people using meth or heroin would not be arrested but sent for a referral for drug treatment. But what it doesn't tell you is that we already have that system in place for everyone with Medicaid (Oregon Health Plan) or the homeless, who are considered presumptive Medicaid. They all have free drug treatment options. They just won't go unless it's court ordered. Measure 110 does not court order drug treatment because it does not have the funds for actually having more drug treatment centers but funds will be taken from our referral and drug treatment agencies here in Coos and Curry counties. If this measure passes there will be no oversight for all the children whose parents neglect and abuse them while using meth and heroin." Most DAs have come out against this measure as has the Oregon Association of Chiefs of Police.
One argument in the voter pamphlet said it best: "Measure 110 sends a terrible message to kids and removes the one tool parents can count on in the fight against juvenile drug addiction."
* * *
I had thought that I might just stick to the issues in my campaign until I saw the cheap shots that my opponent took at me in her candidate statement which appeared alongside mine and the council candidates in the World.
I have decided to take off the boxing gloves as I will not sit back and let her attack me, when I have three folders full of information which I have compiled on her dealings with the City and with me over the last 20 years.
Actually I wrote this BEFORE I learned that she had sent letters to most of the voters in Bandon, including to one of my sisters. It starts off: "Do you think everything is going well here in Bandon? If yes, vote to re-elect the 81-year-old incumbent mayor. If no, if you think change is required to get Bandon back on track, please vote for me." What she forgot to say, when she made age an issue, is that she is 74 years old .... and that Bandon has a number of talented intelligent senior citizens, who are quite capable of making up their own minds.
In her letter, she calls herself a community activist. She might have been considered that 40 years ago, but I cannot think of one single thing that she has done or advocated for in the last 30 years that has not benefitted her in some way.
During that period, I have served 16 years as mayor, nine years on the council, on the hospital board, three terms on the board of the Bandon Historical Society and been a member of 100 Women Strong. I have helped facilitate the public-private partnership with Face Rock Creamery, worked with ODOT to finally get the approval for a flashing light at the Ninth Street crosswalk, and been a strong supporter of our local businesses (even those like Ms. Evans' which was hardly ever open).
The biggest difference between the two of us is my ability to work with other people and agencies, no matter the task.
My ad of support, which appeared in the Oct. 16 Coffee Break, is a partial list of people who I have worked with over the years.... and who support me for re-election. It is an impressive list, and if you haven't seen Coffee Break, just go on line to World Link.com and click on the drop-down menu at the top left, and go down to Coffee Break. Click on the one for the 16th and go to the fourth page to see the list of my supporters. There will be another one coming out Friday, Oct. 23, with many others who have asked to or agreed to have their names added.
Also, thanks to the chamber, they asked each of us to put together a three-minute video for their Facebook page to take the place of the candidate forum which was held in recent years, pre-Covid. Most of us did and appreciated the efforts of the chamber to get our word out. Nancy actually put together a statement, which was posted along with our videos. But when she learned that it was on Facebook, and that people could comment, she asked Margaret Pounder to immediately remove her statement.
So much for "a new direction ...."
* * *
I want to end on a bit of a humorous note, having recently seen a Facebook post from someone who wanted to see a younger person be mayor. My opponent is 74; I am 81 (and just finished the most difficult Sudoku of the week in the Register-Guard). In the 1984 Presidential campaign, President Reagan was famous for his quote: "I will not make age an issue of this campaign. I am not going to exploit, for political purposes, my opponent's youth and inexperience." Reagan was 73; Walter Mondale was 56.
I couldn't help but laugh when I saw this .... listed as one of the top 10 debate quotes of all time. Oh what we wouldn't give to see some of that humor today.
Most of us now consider 80 to be the new 60 .....
As I See It
by Mary Schamehorn
Oct 14, 2020
The first picture I am sharing this week was taken in February of 1979 when the old Face Rock Golf clubhouse was torn down. An article in the Feb. 27, 1979, Western World was titled "Beach Loop landmark to be torn down."
Face Rock Golf clubhouse, 1979
The article explained that the 50-year-old building, which was replaced by the new clubhouse-restaurant in 1975, was being torn down, board by board, with the remains to be burned by the Bandon Fire Department at one of their weekly practice sessions.
Dave and Margaret Cox, who owned the golf course for many years, had provided Western World with pictures of the clubhouse as it looked many years ago, to serve as a contrast to the picture which I am sharing.
The article added: "Cox isn't sure of the exact date when the clubhouse was built, but he recalls that when he moved to Bandon with his family in 1928 as a fifth grader it was brand new and had probably been built the previous year."
At that time it was located south of its present location, said Cox, about where the parking lot of the new clubhouse was situated (which is where the Inn at Face Rock is now located). It was moved to the site pictured above in about 1932, at which time the mammoth rock fireplace was built.
I remember spending many evenings at the clubhouse with my parents and grandparents, who were good friends of the Coxes, and that stone fireplace was the centerpiece of the main room.
"Cox bought the golf course in 1947 and later sold it to the Schvaneveldt family in 1959. The Schvaneveldt brothers did quite a bit of remodeling of the club house, and then sold the golf course to Frances Cavoretto in the mid-1960s. Cox bought it back in June of 1966. Then in 1972 he sold to the Morgan Streeters, who later sold the course to David L. Davis. David closed it for some time before eventually selling to the Bandon Development Corporation, who built the new clubhouse and restaurant," according to the article. Cavoretto was the mother of local real estate agent Fred Gernandt.
At the time the article appeared, the course had been sold to three San Luis Obispo, Calif., people, Bruce and Audrey Dodson and James Duenow, and was being managed by Win Dunshee (a former member of the Bandon City Council).
Years later the course was owned by Jerry Brown and Margaret Miller, and leased to Troy Russell, who operated a great nine-hole golf course.
Today, the golf course property is owned by the City of Bandon, and the property where the clubhouse was located is north of the Inn's motel rooms.
The second photo I am sharing was taken in March of 1979, of Windermere Motel (on the bluff overlooking the ocean) and the property where Inn at Face Rock is now located. The clubhouse/restaurant referred to above is the building in the center of the photo, across the road and just south of the Windermere Motel.
Windermere Motel and Face Rock Golf clubhouse, 1979
The third photo was taken in July of 1960 when local piano teacher H.C. Messerli was honored on the occasion of his 75th birthday. His cake was fashioned in the image of a Steinway piano.
Piano teacher H.C. Messerli's 75th birthday, 1960
As hard as my parents tried, including several years of piano lessons with Mr. Messerli, I never mastered the art, but always regretted that I didn't try harder. He and his wife Lilly lived along Beach Loop, on the east side of the road between 11th Street and Table Rock Motel.
* * *
Bandon lost one of its biggest supporters last week when long-time Western World/World editor Amy Moss Strong was laid off by Country Media, the corporation which bought the newspapers some months ago.
The owners called it a reduction in force, solely for financial reasons. But that doesn't make it any better for the Bandon readers who have come to rely on Amy for so much of our news for so many years. She started working for Western World back in 1987, just after graduating from the School of Journalism at the University of Oregon. She had been editor since 2005.
Since Country Media purchased the papers, they have laid off a number of good employees, reduced the Curry Coastal Pilot in Brookings to one day a week, and stopped printing both the Reedsport Courier and the Bandon Western World as separate papers.
The scaled down Western World has appeared in the Saturday print and online editions of The World, but my guess is that won't last long either.
It is indeed a sad day for journalism. As we all know, in recent years, people have depended on the Internet and TV for their regional, state and national news, but they still look to their hometown paper for the local news.
Maybe with a little hard work, backing of the community and a lot of determination, that day may come again.
(Now that Amy is gone, my column will not be appearing in The World as she was the person who was responsible for putting it in each week.)
* * *
I was sorry to learn that Clayton Duval died recently at the age of 93. He and his wife, Jean, who survives him, had been married for 72 years. His survivors include nine of his 11 children, a brother Harold, in Red Cloud, Neb., and Jean's two brothers, Eddie McMahon of Palm Springs, Calif., and Jack McMahon, Bandon, and a sister, Doris Erickson, in Red Cloud.
Clayton was active in the Veterans group and a long-time Boy Scout leader. He also volunteered many hours during his retirement cutting grass at some of the local cemeteries, according to Eddie.
* * *
I am urging people to support the Bandon School District's bond measure 6-168, which would provide $4 million in revenue to match a $4 million dollar grant from the Oregon School Capital Improvement Matching Program.
The district has done a good job in providing the necessary information for voters to understand the impact of the bond on their own finances, explaining that if approved it would result in a tax rate of 21 cents per thousand of assessed valuation.
Bond proceeds would be used to construct, renovate, repair and improve district facilities, which would include replacing roofs at all three schools.
The City and the School District have always had a good relationship, and I know that many of the board members have supported our efforts in seeking voter support for our water and sewer systems.
* * *
I have had so many come forward to support my campaign for re-election as mayor, so I am urging you to look for my half-page ad in Coffee Break Friday (Oct. 16). Some of them can't vote for me as they live outside the city limits, but they are people who I will be working with and for if re-elected.
As I See It
by Mary Schamehorn
Oct 07, 2020
The first picture I am sharing was taken in May of 1958 after the City had hired a company, known as Ground Sprayers Inc., to spray for gorse.
Spraying for gorse, 1958
The same week a front-page article had appeared in Western World headlined "Driftwood-Gorse Fire Portrays Annual Threat."
The volunteer fire department had a busy Monday because of a fire built the previous Friday night "by youngsters picnicking on the beach. Fire Chief Robert Schultz said the youths failed to extinguish the blaze when they left the beach, and the fire first caught the surrounding driftwood, then the hillside green, and finally covered an area of several blocks on beach and bluff near Table Rock Cottages.
At this time, that area was outside the city limits, and the city council had only recently voted to restrict the Bandon fire department to answer calls only within the city limits unless the fire endangered property inside the city. As a result, Coos Forest Patrol, believing the blaze was inside the city, failed to respond, and "it was not until flames were actually creeping into city boundaries that the Bandon firemen could take action," said Chief Schultz. He emphasized the dangers inherent in leaving beach fires unattended.
This scenario would not have occurred today as the entire area is served by the Bandon Rural Fire Protection District, under the leadership of long-time fire chief Lanny Boston.
The second photo was taken in May of 1962 of the US Corps of Engineers launching their survey boat at the boat ramp, which had been built the previous year by the local Port Commission in cooperation with the Bandon Chamber of Commerce.
Port of Bandon boat ramp, 1962
The interesting thing about the photo, which I took for the paper, is the fact that nothing in the background remains today, including Moore Mill & Lumber Co., the old Moore Mill truck shop, the fish buyers building (formerly Bandon Seafood and now the site of the Port's building which houses The Loft) or the house at the foot of Carolina Avenue, which has been torn down after the property was bought by the city.
And, of course, the waterfront looks completely different today.
The third picture, taken in March of 1966, shows Girl Scout leader Dorothy (Mrs. C.E. Waldrop) presenting awards to Scouts Terri Peters, left, and Elizabeth MacWhorter, during the annual Father-Daughter banquet. They were among 17 receiving awards during the program.
Girl Scouts awards banquet, 1966
* * *
I was sorry to see on Facebook last week that former long-time Southern Coos Health District administrator Jim Wathen had died at his home in Washington where he and his wife, Carri, had moved some years ago. Jim was 73.
I served on the hospital board back in the early 2000s under Jim's administration and had been a long-time supporter. I also know that he was the CEO at the time the district built the current hospital. During his tenure, he had been very active in the national hospital administrators organization and was highly regarded in his field.
A committal service was held Friday at Holy Cross Catholic Cemetery in Spokane, Wash.
* * *
I keep forgetting to mention that on the same day as the North Bank Road fire, several weeks ago, there was also a fire in the brush along the north end of Grand Avenue, apparently started by someone living in the woods. The air was already filled with smoke from the North Bank Road fire, but when Donna Mason arrived at the historical society museum that morning around 11, she saw a plume of smoke rising from the area, which is east of Fillmore Avenue and up from the museum. She mentioned it to Jim Proehl, who was already at the museum, and he took one look at it and called 9-1-1. Although the dispatcher questioned whether it was just smoke from the big fire, Jim assured her it was not. It turned out to be a blaze, which was quickly extinguished by the fire department, but could have been a lot worse had it not been spotted quickly considering the high heat, east winds and low humidity.
That same day, a fire broke out on a deck at Bandon Dunes Golf Resort, but by the time the fire department arrived, employees had extinguished it.
I meant to mention those two incidents earlier, but the bigger fire was the "big news' and I just forgot.
* * *
It's been an interesting week in the life of a small town mayor. Early in the week I received an unsigned letter from a woman who signed the return address as Grandma, c/o 465 S.W. Fourth Street, which I already knew to be Westwind Court.
She said she wished to remain anonymous "as there was a killing on Aug. 4 around 5:30 p.m. or 6 p.m. ... ask Evie, a caregiver that evening, here at Westwind Court!"
While someone may have died at the care facility, I was pretty sure it was not a killing. She went on to say that "the city police was no help, in fact, one of them by phone, speed dialed my private phone, quote: 'if you call the city police again, you will be arrested.' "
The letter went on and on, mostly about the police, including the fact that when she arrived at Westwind Court she was "robbed" of her SSA benefits. I didn't have to read very far to realize that this was apparently the woman who has repeatedly called 9-1-1 from her cell phone while a resident at the care facility, which has become obvious while reading the monthly police report that is in our council agenda packets.
She appears to have the kinds of problems that I would not be able to address, and while the Bandon police try, all they can really do is implore her to stop calling 9-1-1 in non-emergency situations.
But that wasn't even the most interesting piece of correspondence I received last week.
I had received a 13-page document titled "Makia Freeman: Time to Question all Your COVID Assumptions" from a Bandon couple, who I did not know.
While watching Dateline NBC, I had gotten about half way through the document, which pretty well questioned or debunked everything I had learned about the virus in the last six months.... when the announcer cut into the broadcast to announce that President Trump and his wife had tested positive for Covid-19 earlier that day.
And, that coupled with the fact that Councilor Brian Vick's 95-year-old mother had died the previous night from the coronavirus, which she had contracted at a high-end nursing home in California, led me to send the couple a note, thanking them for the material .... explaining that the virus was, in fact, very real and urging them to wear masks.
* * *
On Facebook Saturday I saw a post which said there were two Covid-19 patients currently in the hospital in Coos County, which simply was not true. I get an email daily from either Coos Health and Wellness or the Oregon Health Authority with updated information.
And this week, no one was in the hospital, there have been no deaths in Coos County since the pandemic started, and there have only been nine people hospitalized during the last 6 months... including none in Bandon.
I also saw information last week as to how many cases each state had per 100,000 population, Oregon was fifth from last with 12. Alaska had 6 per 100,000, Hawaii and Wyoming each had 8, and Vermont 9. Washington had 27 per 100,000, California's figure was 38, and New Jersey topped all states with 181 cases per 100,000 followed closely by New York state with 170.
This is not a political statement; I just think it's important to keep things in perspective.
Previous columns by Mary Schamehorn
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